Energy Conservation Based Routing Protocol in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

     Modern IoT infrastructures depend on mobile wireless sensor networks (MWSNs) for environmental monitoring and surveillance. However, sensor node energy limits make long-term network operations difficult. Effective energy management in MWSNs extends network life and ensures data collection. This study proposes an Energy-Conserving Routing Protocol (ECBRP) tailored for MWSNs to minimize energy consumption while facilitating seamless data transmission. The ECBRP aims to optimize energy utilization by intelligently routing data packets through the network while considering node mobility patterns and energy levels. To achieve this, the protocol utilizes a combination of proactive and reactive routing strategies. Proactive routing establishes energy-efficient paths based on static network characteristics, while reactive routing dynamically adapts to changing network conditions and node mobility. Furthermore, ECBRP incorporates mechanisms for data aggregation and compression to reduce transmission, thereby reducing energy expenditure during communication. Additionally, the protocol employs sleep scheduling techniques to enable energy-efficient operation by periodically activating and deactivating sensor nodes based on their role in the network and the sensed data requirements. To evaluate the performance of ECBRP, extensive simulations are conducted using various mobility models and network scenarios. Results demonstrate that ECBRP outperforms existing routing protocols energy use, packet delivery ratio, and network lifespan.Moreover, the protocol exhibits resilience to node failures and network partitions, ensuring reliable communication in dynamic MWSN environments.