Advancements, Challenges, and Policy Interventions in Agriculture-Related Manufacturing in India: A Critical Analysis

Abstract

The present study focuses on the role and evolution of agriculture-related manufacturing in India, crucial for economic growth, employment, and the generation of rural incomes. The study looks into a holistic analysis of historical development, policy frameworks, technological adoption, and current challenges in the integration process of agriculture-manufacturing. Methodologically, it probes the transformation of agriculture from traditional to modern practices. It underlines key developments in agricultural transformation: the Green Revolution, mechanization, and adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies, like AI, IoT, and precision agriculture. The study examined interventions by the government in subsidizing, tax incentives, and schemes like PM-KISAN and Make in India for an understanding of the impact on the manufacturing panorama and larger agriculture-manufacturing nexus. Results have shown that these interventions have contributed a great deal to increasing agricultural productivity and improving rural incomes. Especially, technological advances in smart manufacturing and precision farming have also assisted the sector in enhancing efficiency, reducing reliance on labor, and improving export potential. Fragmented supply chains, lack of appropriate infrastructure especially cold chains, inconsistency in regulation, and labor shortages are some of the issues that still need to be overcome for better growth. This means that for the getting of strength in manufacturing based on agriculture, continuous support by the government, infrastructure development, and adoption of sustainable practices are required. Promotion of digital technologies and formation of cooperatives among small farmers will lead to better market access and competitiveness. India's agriculture manufacturing would be based now on leveraging emerging technologies as implementation of policies pursued for sustainable growth, global competitiveness, and resilience of domestic and international markets.