Optimal operation of active distribution system with distributed generation and EV battery aggregators

Abstract

In this study, an optimal operation scheduling strategy for an active distribution system (ADS) including distributed generation and electric vehicle battery swapping stations (BSSs) is developed. The concerned problem is formulated as a bi-level programming model where the ADS operator and BSS owner have conflicting objectives. In order to properly address the uncertainty issues involved in the ADS operation, a scenario-based technique is employed and embedded with the proposed model. To solve the proposed bilevel optimization problem, a particle swarm optimization-based algorithm is employed. The effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated on an illustrative ADS under different scenarios, and the obtained results prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach.