Improving Microgrid Stability and Performance using PID Fuzzy Logic-Based Control: A Comprehensive Evaluation

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Isha Rajput, Jyoti Verma, Hemant Ahuja

Abstract

Microgrids (MGs), comprising distributed energy resources like solar panels, wind turbines, and batteries, offer decentralized and resilient power solutions. However, ensuring stability and optimal performance in such systems presents challenges, especially given the variability of renewable energy sources and dynamic load demands. This study investigates the enhancement of microgrid stability and performance through the utilization of a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) fuzzy logic-based control system tailored specifically for a hybrid Photovoltaic (PV) -Wind-Battery MG. By integrating Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques and precise controller design, the approach aims to optimize power production under diverse environmental conditions. Results show voltage stabilization from 255V to 275V within 2s, with consistent grid power output at approximately 8.6×104W. Wind turbine performance exhibits stable voltage responses around 20V, while the State of Charge (SOC) of the Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) declines from 50% to 49.093% over 5s. These findings validate the efficacy of advanced control strategies in optimizing microgrid operation, laying a foundation for resilient energy infrastructure. Overall, the study demonstrates the potential of advanced control strategies for optimizing microgrid operation and fostering resilient energy infrastructure.

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