A Comprehensive Review on Electric Vehicle Battery Travel Distance Calculation: Challenges and Innovations

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) are increasingly finding their place in the global transport ecosystem offering a greener alternative to traditional internal combustion engine type vehicles. Centrally, among all the most critical aspects of EVs travel range calculations, the basis of battery charge is one dependable variable that affects user experience and confidence. The travel range of EVs is influenced by several interconnected factors such as, use of internal vehicle appliances like music systems, headlights in nighttime, wipers in rainy conditions, air conditioning systems in summer. Furthermore, the load in the vehicle, driver driving behavior and the condition of the road will also affect the travel range. This review paper discussed the different methodologies and technologies adopted in the calculation of the travel distances of EVs batteries, pinpoints unresolved challenges and presents novel solutions such as those using Internet of Things systems and Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques. This paper will be able to present insights into the improvement of predictive analysis of travel distances out of user concerns in electric vehicle operations.