Dielectric and Dimensional Optimized Hemispherical Dielectric Resonator Antenna for Ultra-Wide Band Communications

Abstract

Various research teams have investigated a number of novel hybrid-type monopole-DRA variations, always concentrating on increasing the impedance bandwidth and continuously preserving monopole-like radiations. Out of various structures, hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna (HDRA) has been investigated for better bandwidth and gain. The present paper addresses the effect of different factors such as dimensions, and dielectric constant on influencing the bandwidth and gain of  HDRA. By systematically varying the radius and the dielectric constant of the material of the hemisphere and, using iterative simulations and analysis, a newly designed HDRA with desired bandwidth and gain is developed. The developed HDRA structure shows a bandwidth that spans from 5.9 to 23 GHz, with a percentage of bandwidth of 118.34% and a gain of around 6 dB at 21.7 GHz. All results of the simulations were validated by HFSS software. The proposed HDRA can be used for ultra-wideband and long-distance satellite communication.