Effect of Cellphone Radiations on Children at Frequency 900 MHz
Main Article Content
Abstract
In this research work the effect of electromagnetic radiation especially radiation from Mobile handsets is studied. The Electric field strength in terms of Volts/ meter is measured using Electromagnetic Radiation Tester. The Penetrated electric field in terms of volts/metre is calculated at depth ‘z’ for biological tissues such as skin, Blood, muscle and bone. In this paper we have covered measurements of electric field strength of EM radiation from mobile handsets and the results are compared with the standards of ICNIRP, FCC, WHO and DoT. In addition we have made survey of 300 children residing within the vicinity of mobile tower to understand the impact of EM radiation. Since the children have small size head, delicate bones, thin skin and if exposed to radiations beyond the standard limits may cause harm in long run.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
https://www.statista.com/statistics
Health Physics May 2020, Volume 118, Number 5 ICNIRP Guidelines 2020 pg.496
Polk C,Handbook of Biological Effects on Electromagnrtic Fields Edited by Polk C and Postow 1996,pp 1-23
C.Gabriel Compilation of the Dielectric Properties of Body Tissues at RF and Microwave Frequencies, Report N.AL/OE-TR- 1996-0037, Occupational and environmental health directorate, Radiofrequency Radiation Division, Brooks Air Force Base, Texas (USA), 1996.
[5]https://itis.swiss/virtual-population/tissue-properties/database/dielectric-properties/
Adair E R & Peterson R C ,Biological Effects of Radio Frequency Radiation,IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech(USA),50(2002)953
Stuchly M.A & Stuchly S.S ,Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields ,Physics Rev(USA) 61(1981) 435
Health Physics April 1998, Volume 74, Number 4,Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields c ICNIRP GUIDELINES 1998 pg.509
Health Physics May 2020, Volume 118, Number 5 ICNIRP Guidelines 2020 pg.496
Test Procedure for Measurement of Electromagnetic Fields from Base Station Antenna (For Telecommunication Sector) document no. TEC/TP/EMF/001/01 SEP 2009
Report on Cell Tower radiation , Submitted To Secretary, DOT, Delhi by Prof. Girish Kumar Electrical Engineering Department IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumai – 400 076 ,December 2010.
High Court Of Judicature At Allahabad Order in PUBLIC INTEREST LITIGATION (PIL) No. - 48084 of 2015 in Smt. Asha Mishra Vs.
State Of U.P. And 7 Others
Delhi High court order in W.P.(C) No.5550/2015 in the matter Kapil Choudhary and anr Vs Union of India and others.
www.dot.gov.in
www.infobase.co.in
IEEE ,Safety issues associated with base stations used for personal wireless communications (IEEE New York)2001 pp. 110-114
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement (NCRP), Biological effects and exposure criteria for Radio frequency Electromagnetic Field s Report No.86(NCRP,Bethesda,MD),1986
Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA), Maximum Exposure Level to Radio Frequency Field ( 3KHz to 300GHz),Radiation Protection Series Publication No.3(ARPANSA, Victoria),2002.
Letter issued by Government of India ,Ministry of communications and Information Technology, Department of Telecommunications (As-II Cell) dated $th Nov 2008,No.842-998-2008-AS-IV/14 ,2013
Letter issued by Government of India , Department of Telecommunications (Access Cell) dated 10th January 2013, File No.800-15/2010 VAS
Letter issued by Government of India ,, Department of Telecommunications (Access Services Cell) dated 26th June 2013 File 800-115/2010 –VAS Incidence
Letter issued by Government of India ,, Department of Telecommunications (Access Services Cell) dated 20th Nov 2013 File 800-15/2010 –VAS